#### §1.2.3.(d) Levels of encapsulation

Since protected role types can not be used for externalization, instances of these types are already quite effectively encapsulated by their enclosing team. Based on this concept, encapsulation for protected roles can be made even stricter by the rules of role confinement. On the contrary, even protected roles can be externalized as opaque roles which still expose (almost) no information. Confinement and opaque roles are subject of §7.